See topolь on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "тополь"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: тополь (topolĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: тополь (topolĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "тапо́ля",
"3": "то́паль"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: тапо́ля (tapólja), то́паль (tópalʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: тапо́ля (tapólja), то́паль (tópalʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "то́поль"
},
"expansion": "Russian: то́поль (tópolʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: то́поль (tópolʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "топо́ля"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: топо́ля (topólja)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: топо́ля (topólja)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "тополь",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: тополь (topolĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: тополь (topolĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⱅⱁⱂⱁⰾⱐ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⱅⱁⱂⱁⰾⱐ (topolĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⱅⱁⱂⱁⰾⱐ (topolĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "топо́ла"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: топо́ла (topóla)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: топо́ла (topóla)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "топола"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: топола (topola)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: топола (topola)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "топо̀ла",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: топо̀ла",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: топо̀ла"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "topòla",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: topòla",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: topòla"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "topol",
"3": "topola",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: topol m, topola f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: topol m, topola f"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "topol"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: topol",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: topol"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "topol"
},
"expansion": "Czech: topol",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: topol"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "topola"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: topola",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: topola"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "topola"
},
"expansion": "Polish: topola",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: topola"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "topoľ"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: topoľ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: topoľ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "topoł"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: topoł",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: topoł"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "topoł"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: topoł",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: topoł"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "Топола",
"t": "a village at the northern coast of Bulgaria"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: Топола (Topola, “a village at the northern coast of Bulgaria”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: Топола (Topola, “a village at the northern coast of Bulgaria”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "Тополовиќ",
"der": "1",
"t": "a village in Macedonia"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Macedonian: Тополовиќ (Topoloviḱ, “a village in Macedonia”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Macedonian: Тополовиќ (Topoloviḱ, “a village in Macedonia”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gkm",
"2": "Τοπολοβίκος",
"der": "1",
"t": "a beck south of Αγία Βαρβάρα (Agía Varvára)"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Byzantine Greek: Τοπολοβίκος (Topolobíkos, “a beck south of Αγία Βαρβάρα (Agía Varvára)”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Byzantine Greek: Τοπολοβίκος (Topolobíkos, “a beck south of Αγία Βαρβάρα (Agía Varvára)”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "Topol",
"t": "a part of the town of Chrudim in Czechia"
},
"expansion": "Czech: Topol (“a part of the town of Chrudim in Czechia”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: Topol (“a part of the town of Chrudim in Czechia”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "Topoľčany",
"t": "town in the west of Slovakia"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: Topoľčany (“town in the west of Slovakia”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: Topoľčany (“town in the west of Slovakia”) local settlers got the name *Topoľčane – \"those who live between poplars\""
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "Тополя"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: Тополя (Topolja)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "Topoľa",
"t": "a village in the far east of Slovakia"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: Topoľa (“a village in the far east of Slovakia”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: Тополя (Topolja) / Slovak: Topoľa (“a village in the far east of Slovakia”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "Тополя",
"t": "two villages in the north of Ukraine"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: Тополя (Topolja, “two villages in the north of Ukraine”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: Тополя (Topolja, “two villages in the north of Ukraine”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "túopa",
"3": "",
"4": "poplar"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian túopa (“poplar”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "unknown",
"name": "unknown"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pōpulus",
"3": "",
"4": "poplar"
},
"expansion": "Latin pōpulus (“poplar”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Pappel"
},
"expansion": "German Pappel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "papele"
},
"expansion": "Latvian papele",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "plop"
},
"expansion": "Romanian plop",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "plep"
},
"expansion": "Albanian plep",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πτελέα",
"3": "πτελέη",
"t": "elm"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πτελέη (pteléē, “elm”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*pelH-",
"3": "",
"4": "pale, gray"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pelH- (“pale, gray”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Likely akin to Lithuanian túopa (“poplar”), but beyond that unknown. Possibly related in some manner to Latin pōpulus (“poplar”) (whence German Pappel, Latvian papele). A direct borrowing from Vulgar Latin is usually dismissed, because Eastern Romance languages reflect instead an alternative form *ploppus → Romanian plop, Albanian plep.\nPer Walde-Hoffmann, perhaps further akin to Ancient Greek πτελέη (pteléē, “elm”), ultimately from reduplication and subsequent dissimilation *p - p- → *t - p- of Proto-Indo-European *pelH- (“pale, gray”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tȍpolь",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "topolь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topoli",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "topolьje",
"roman": "topoľe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "topoli",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topolьju",
"roman": "topoľu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "topolьjь",
"roman": "topoli",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "topoli",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topolьma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "topolьmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "topolь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topoli",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "topoli",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "topolьmь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topolьma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "topolьmi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "topoli",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topolьju",
"roman": "topoľu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "topolьxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "topoli",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "topoli",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "topolьje",
"roman": "topoľe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/topolь",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"poplar (genus of trees in family Salicaceae)"
],
"id": "en-topolь-sla-pro-noun-y-uIlY4t",
"links": [
[
"poplar",
"poplar"
],
[
"Salicaceae",
"Salicaceae#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"sense": "*osa (“aspen”)",
"word": "⇒ *osika"
},
{
"sense": "*osa (“aspen”)",
"tags": [
"variant"
],
"word": "osina"
},
{
"english": "trembling poplar",
"word": "trepetьlika"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "o-stem",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "topólъ"
},
{
"roman": "ja-stem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "topoľa"
},
{
"alt": "a-stem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "topola"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Topoľa",
"en:Topoľčany",
"mk:Тополовиќ",
"pl:Topola (ujednoznacznienie)",
"sh:Topolje (razvrstavanje)",
"uk:Тополя (значення)"
]
}
],
"word": "topolь"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "тополь"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: тополь (topolĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: тополь (topolĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "тапо́ля",
"3": "то́паль"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: тапо́ля (tapólja), то́паль (tópalʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: тапо́ля (tapólja), то́паль (tópalʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "то́поль"
},
"expansion": "Russian: то́поль (tópolʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: то́поль (tópolʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "топо́ля"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: топо́ля (topólja)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: топо́ля (topólja)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "тополь",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: тополь (topolĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: тополь (topolĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⱅⱁⱂⱁⰾⱐ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⱅⱁⱂⱁⰾⱐ (topolĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⱅⱁⱂⱁⰾⱐ (topolĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "топо́ла"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: топо́ла (topóla)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: топо́ла (topóla)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "топола"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: топола (topola)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: топола (topola)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "топо̀ла",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: топо̀ла",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: топо̀ла"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "topòla",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: topòla",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: topòla"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "topol",
"3": "topola",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: topol m, topola f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: topol m, topola f"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "topol"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: topol",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: topol"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "topol"
},
"expansion": "Czech: topol",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: topol"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "topola"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: topola",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: topola"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "topola"
},
"expansion": "Polish: topola",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: topola"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "topoľ"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: topoľ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: topoľ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "topoł"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: topoł",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: topoł"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "topoł"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: topoł",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: topoł"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "Топола",
"t": "a village at the northern coast of Bulgaria"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: Топола (Topola, “a village at the northern coast of Bulgaria”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: Топола (Topola, “a village at the northern coast of Bulgaria”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "Тополовиќ",
"der": "1",
"t": "a village in Macedonia"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Macedonian: Тополовиќ (Topoloviḱ, “a village in Macedonia”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Macedonian: Тополовиќ (Topoloviḱ, “a village in Macedonia”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gkm",
"2": "Τοπολοβίκος",
"der": "1",
"t": "a beck south of Αγία Βαρβάρα (Agía Varvára)"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Byzantine Greek: Τοπολοβίκος (Topolobíkos, “a beck south of Αγία Βαρβάρα (Agía Varvára)”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Byzantine Greek: Τοπολοβίκος (Topolobíkos, “a beck south of Αγία Βαρβάρα (Agía Varvára)”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "Topol",
"t": "a part of the town of Chrudim in Czechia"
},
"expansion": "Czech: Topol (“a part of the town of Chrudim in Czechia”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: Topol (“a part of the town of Chrudim in Czechia”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "Topoľčany",
"t": "town in the west of Slovakia"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: Topoľčany (“town in the west of Slovakia”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: Topoľčany (“town in the west of Slovakia”) local settlers got the name *Topoľčane – \"those who live between poplars\""
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "Тополя"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: Тополя (Topolja)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "Topoľa",
"t": "a village in the far east of Slovakia"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: Topoľa (“a village in the far east of Slovakia”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: Тополя (Topolja) / Slovak: Topoľa (“a village in the far east of Slovakia”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "Тополя",
"t": "two villages in the north of Ukraine"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: Тополя (Topolja, “two villages in the north of Ukraine”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: Тополя (Topolja, “two villages in the north of Ukraine”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "túopa",
"3": "",
"4": "poplar"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian túopa (“poplar”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "unknown",
"name": "unknown"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pōpulus",
"3": "",
"4": "poplar"
},
"expansion": "Latin pōpulus (“poplar”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Pappel"
},
"expansion": "German Pappel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "papele"
},
"expansion": "Latvian papele",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "plop"
},
"expansion": "Romanian plop",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "plep"
},
"expansion": "Albanian plep",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πτελέα",
"3": "πτελέη",
"t": "elm"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πτελέη (pteléē, “elm”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*pelH-",
"3": "",
"4": "pale, gray"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pelH- (“pale, gray”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Likely akin to Lithuanian túopa (“poplar”), but beyond that unknown. Possibly related in some manner to Latin pōpulus (“poplar”) (whence German Pappel, Latvian papele). A direct borrowing from Vulgar Latin is usually dismissed, because Eastern Romance languages reflect instead an alternative form *ploppus → Romanian plop, Albanian plep.\nPer Walde-Hoffmann, perhaps further akin to Ancient Greek πτελέη (pteléē, “elm”), ultimately from reduplication and subsequent dissimilation *p - p- → *t - p- of Proto-Indo-European *pelH- (“pale, gray”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tȍpolь",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "topolь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topoli",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "topolьje",
"roman": "topoľe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "topoli",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topolьju",
"roman": "topoľu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "topolьjь",
"roman": "topoli",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "topoli",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topolьma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "topolьmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "topolь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topoli",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "topoli",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "topolьmь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topolьma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "topolьmi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "topoli",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topolьju",
"roman": "topoľu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "topolьxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "topoli",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "topoli",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "topolьje",
"roman": "topoľe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/topolь",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"sense": "*osa (“aspen”)",
"word": "⇒ *osika"
},
{
"sense": "*osa (“aspen”)",
"tags": [
"variant"
],
"word": "osina"
},
{
"english": "trembling poplar",
"word": "trepetьlika"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic i-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine i-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms with unknown etymologies",
"sla-pro:Willows and poplars"
],
"glosses": [
"poplar (genus of trees in family Salicaceae)"
],
"links": [
[
"poplar",
"poplar"
],
[
"Salicaceae",
"Salicaceae#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Topoľa",
"en:Topoľčany",
"mk:Тополовиќ",
"pl:Topola (ujednoznacznienie)",
"sh:Topolje (razvrstavanje)",
"uk:Тополя (значення)"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "o-stem",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "topólъ"
},
{
"roman": "ja-stem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "topoľa"
},
{
"alt": "a-stem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "topola"
}
],
"word": "topolь"
}
Download raw JSONL data for topolь meaning in All languages combined (10.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (bb46d54 and 0c3c9f6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.